in biology, a cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism
cells are between organelles and tissues in biological organization
organelles are specialized cellular parts that has specific functions analogous to organs
everything inside a cell except the nucleus is called the cytoplasm, enclosed within the cell membrane and held together by the cytoskeleton
the two main types of cells are prokaryotes and eukaryotes
to sort by taxonomy, we have plant cells and animal cells
the surface area of a cell determines how many molecules can move in and out of the cell
therefore, cells need to optimize their surface area to volume ratio - bigger cells need more energy and produce more waste, so cells that are too large cannot survive
so, cells with organelles are always larger than cells without because the ones without are not large enough to need organelles